Alkynes react with halogens in the same way as alkenes. The first addition of the halogen to the π bond produces a trans dihalide which is then converted into a tetrahalide: The trans dihalide can be prepared by … Read more
Alkynes have a general formula of CnH2n-2, and that is 4 H atoms less than alkanes, which have the general formula CnH2n+2. In between, we have the alkenes with the CnH2n formula. This means that alkynes can be reduced by … Read more
We have seen that in acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes, an alcohol is formed according to the Markovnikov’s rule: In a similar way, alkynes also undergo acid-catalyzed hydration. The final product of this reaction, however, is a ketone: … Read more
We have seen that the electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides to alkenes produces alkyl halides according to Markovnikov’s rule: Alkynes undergo hydrohalogenation following a similar pattern. The addition of one equivalent of HX produces a vinyl halide, which … Read more
Alkynes are prepared by elimination of alkyl dihalides: The reaction goes by E2 mechanism and is similar to how alkenes are prepared. The difference here is that two halogen atoms are needed because the triple bond id formed by two … Read more
Naming alkynes follows the same rules we discussed earlier for the IUPAC nomenclature rules for alkanes. This is the brief summary of the steps: Step 1. Identify the parent chain. Step 2. Identify the substituents. Step 3. Number the parent chain, giving … Read more
Alkynes Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a carbon–carbon triple bond. Alkynes are unsaturated because they have fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding alkenes and therefore the general formula is CnH2n-2. Remember, the general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2. That … Read more
