In the IUPAC nomenclature, nitriles can be named by systematic and common nomenclature. Systematic Nomenclature of Nitriles In the systematic nomenclature, the suffix “nitrile” is simply added to the name of the parent alkane that contains the CN group. … Read more
Naming Primary Amides Before going over the principles of naming amides, recall that there are primary, secondary, and tertiary amides. Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acids, and if you have already read about the nomenclature of carboxylic acids, … Read more
In the previous few posts, we have talked about the nomenclature of carboxylic acid derivatives such as acids, esters, amides, nitriles, and also the strategy for naming compounds with multiple functional groups. Most of the following examples contain more than … Read more
In the IUPAC nomenclature, carboxylic acids are named by adding a suffix to the parent name of the longest chain. If the parent chain is noncyclic, you need to first find the longest carbon chain containing the -COOH group and change the … Read more
Before we start talking about naming bicyclic compounds, let’s first go over some terminology for their classification. Bicyclic compounds are a specific type of polycyclic compounds, classified as compounds that contain more than one ring with at least two common … Read more
Ethers are named by both common and systematic nomenclature of the IUPAC rules. The common names are used for ethers with simple alkyl groups. To do this, we first identify the alkyl groups and arrange them in alphabetical order, followed … Read more
Naming a compound with more than one functional group is not as straightforward as it is for alkanes, alkyl halides, or alkenes. For example, how do you name a molecule that contains a nitrile and a ketone? If … Read more
E/Z and Cis/Trans Alkenes In the previous post, we discussed the cis and trans designations of alkenes. As a recap, cis and trans stereoisomerism depend on whether two identical alkyl groups on the c=c bond are on the same or opposite sides of that double … Read more
Aldehydes and ketones have higher priority than all the other functional groups we covered so far. Therefore, they define the parent chain and give the corresponding suffix. All the other groups standing below in the functional group priority table are … Read more
Monosubstituted Derivatives of Benzene Benzene is the “first and simplest” aromatic compound and many monosubstituted derivatives of benzene are named systematically by adding the name of the substituent to “benzene” which is the parent: For examples: If the … Read more
