The presence of a lone pair on an atom sometimes brings an exception to the shortcut for determining its hybridization.Recall that for a quick and accurate way of determining the hybridization, we count the steric number of the atom – … Read more
You have mastered the concept of resonance structures, can draw valid resonance transformations, and now all you hear is “that is a significant resonance structure” or “that is not a significant resonance structure.”So, what are significant and non-significant resonance structures? … Read more
Let’s first describe what a strong base and a strong acid is in the simplest words: A strong acid, if we are talking about a protic acid and not a Lewis acid in general, is one that has no problem … Read more
Resonance structures are different Lewis structures of the same molecule, which means they represent the same molecule/ion with different electron distributions. To keep all the atoms in place but move electrons around, the molecule must have a pi (π) bond. … Read more
We have learned that resonance structures are different Lewis structures of the same molecule. In other words, they are different ways of drawing the same species. So, what does “different” refer to if they represent the same species? The term … Read more
Have resonance structures been a major topic in your class recently? It may seem that there are too many rules to memorize about resonance structures, but there are a few important things you need to realize before getting into the … Read more
The mechanism of electrophilic addition to dienes is similar to what we learn in the addition reactions of alkenes. The difference here is that there are two double bonds, and the question you may start wondering about is: “Which of … Read more
In allylic bromination, the Br atom appears on the carbon next to the double bond: This reaction goes through a radical mechanism, and it is interesting to notice the difference with the aniti-Markovnikov radical bromination: We … Read more
Check Also: Free-Radical Addition of HBr: Anti-Markovnikov Addition Initiation Propagation Termination in Radical Reactions Selectivity in Radical Halogenation Stability of Radicals Resonance Structures of Radicals Stereochemistry of Radical Halogenation Allylic Bromination Radical Halogenation in Organic Synthesis
Here is a simple view on this important topic. In Lewis structures, we show each covalent bond as two dots, which represent a pair of electrons. For example: So the bonds can be represented either with a line … Read more
