Amines Before going into the details of naming amines, let’s first recall what they are and how they are classified. Amines are the derivatives of ammonia (remember NH3 from General Chemistry). Replacing one hydrogen of ammonia with an alkyl … Read more
In the following practice problems, the reactions and different ways of preparing amines will be discussed. Keep in mind that aside from the reactions specifically related to amines, such as the Gabriel amine synthesis, there are transformations that will require … Read more
Reaction with Primary Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines Primary aliphatic and aromatic amines react with nitrous acid, forming arena diazonium salts, while the reaction of secondary amines gives N-nitrosamines (R2NN=O). Now, let’s take a closer look and see how … Read more
Amines can participate in E2 reactions to form alkenes. However, just like the OH group of alcohols, the NH2, or any other amino group, is a quite strong base and needs to be first converted into a good leaving group. … Read more
A variety of reactions that we have seen earlier can be used for preparing amines. The most straightforward would look like an SN2 reaction of an alkyl halide with ammonia or an amine: The main drawback of this … Read more
In the previous post, we talked about the preparation of amines and one of the possible approaches was the direct SN2 reaction between an alkyl halide and a primary amine. The disadvantage of this method is the polyalkylation which occurs … Read more
The reaction of aldehydes and ketones with secondary amines produces enamines. Enamines are amines with a double bond on the adjacent carbon (alkene + amine = enamine): Let’s go over the mechanism of this transformation to see how … Read more
Aldehydes and ketones react with primary amines, in mildly acidic conditions, forming an imine (a Schiff base). The reaction with secondary amines produces enamines: Just like the reaction with water and alcohols, this is also an addition reaction … Read more
